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Rev. salud pública ; 14(supl.2): 32-45, jun. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-659940

ABSTRACT

Objetivo Describir la eficacia y logros del PMC sobre la salud y el desarrollo de los recién nacidos prematuros o con bajo peso al nacer en el Hospital San Rafael de Tunja durante el periodo comprendido entre Noviembre de 2007 y Octubre 31 de 2009 en sus diferentes componentes. Métodos Estudio observacional descriptivo de una cohorte. Se incluyeron 374 recién nacidos prematuros o con bajo peso al nacer, para evaluar factores sociodemográficos del hogar, antecedentes maternos y obstétricos, características y complicaciones del parto y seguimiento hasta las 40 semanas de edad postconcepcional. Resultados Altas prevalencias de embarazo adolescente (17,5 %) y en mayores de 35 años (12,6 %); embarazo no deseado (40,6 %); baja calidad y disponibilidad de alimentos en la familia; complicaciones como toxemia gravídica, infecciones y ruptura prematura de membranas; peso promedio al nacer de 1 969 gramos; peso promedio al egreso 2 742,9 gramos; ganancia promedio de peso por día de 22 gramos. Conclusiones Se encuentra que la metodología del programa Madre Canguro mejora sustancialmente los aspectos psicológicos de la madre y el pronóstico de salud de los recién nacidos y permite la estabilización de la temperatura corporal, del ritmo de ganancia de peso, a la vez que disminuye los riesgos de complicaciones y de infección nosocomial. También disminuye los costos de atención y estancia hospitalaria.


Objective Describing the efficacy and achievements of the kangaroo mothers' programme (KMP) regarding preterm or low-birth-weight babies' health and development in Hospital San Rafael in Tunja from November 2007 to December 2009. Methods This was a retrospective observational cohort study; 374 infants born prematurely or having low-birth-weight were included to assess household socio-demographic factors, maternal and obstetric history, delivery characteristics and complications and follow-up until 40 weeks post-conception age. Results There was a high prevalence of teenage pregnancy (17.5 %) and in women older than 35 years (12.6 %), unwanted pregnancy (40.6 %), low quality and poor availability of food in families, complications such as preeclampsia, infection and premature rupture of membranes, 1,969 grams average birth weight, 2,742.9 grams average weight on discharge and 22 grams average weight gain per day. Conclusions It was found that KMP methodology substantially improved the mothers' psychological aspects and health status and the newborns' prognosis and led to stabilising body temperature and weight gain rate while decreasing risks of complications and nosocomial infection. It also lowered health care costs and shortened hospital stay.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Premature , Kangaroo-Mother Care Method , Birth Weight , Breast Feeding/methods , Breast Feeding/statistics & numerical data , Colombia/epidemiology , Cost Savings , Family Characteristics , Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, Maternity/organization & administration , Infant, Premature, Diseases/epidemiology , Kangaroo-Mother Care Method/economics , Kangaroo-Mother Care Method/methods , Kangaroo-Mother Care Method , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Longitudinal Studies , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Maternal Age , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Pregnancy in Adolescence/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Weight Gain
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